What condition is indicated by the buildup of fatty deposits in arterial linings?

The buildup of fatty deposits in arterial linings is indicative of a condition known as atherosclerosis. This disease is characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol, fats, and other substances in and on the artery walls, forming plaques that can restrict blood flow. Over time, these plaques can calcify, harden, and lead to further complications, such as narrowing of the arteries, which can result in cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes.

Atherosclerosis is often associated with risk factors including high cholesterol levels, hypertension, smoking, and diabetes. Recognizing the role of fatty deposits in this condition is crucial in understanding how it develops and how it can affect overall cardiovascular health. Other options listed, while they are related to vascular and cardiac health, do not specifically refer to the process of fatty deposits accumulating in arterial walls.