What term describes the accumulation of excessive fluid in the thoracic cavity that may cause complications if not treated?

The term that describes the accumulation of excessive fluid in the thoracic cavity is hydrothorax. This condition is characterized by the buildup of serous fluid in the pleural space, which can lead to various complications, including respiratory distress and reduced lung capacity. When fluid accumulates, it can exert pressure on the lungs, making it difficult for them to expand properly during breathing. This can necessitate medical intervention, such as thoracentesis, to relieve the pressure and allow for normal respiratory function.

Pneumothorax refers specifically to the presence of air in the pleural space, which can also affect breathing but involves a different pathology than fluid accumulation. Fluidothorax is not a standard medical term and does not describe a recognized medical condition. Hemothorax, while also involving the pleural cavity, refers specifically to the accumulation of blood rather than fluid.