Which condition refers to inflammation of the arteries?

Arteritis is the term used specifically to describe the inflammation of the arteries. This condition can lead to various complications depending on the severity and location of the inflammation, such as reduced blood flow to organs and tissues, which can cause significant health issues.

In the context of this question, understanding arteritis is crucial because it highlights the importance of arterial health and how inflammation can impact cardiovascular function. Other terms listed in the choices refer to different types of inflammation or conditions not specifically related to arteries. For instance, angina refers to chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, while carditis signifies inflammation of the heart itself. Phlebitis, on the other hand, refers to inflammation of the veins. Each term points to a different site or type of inflammation within the vascular system, underscoring why arteritis is the correct answer for inflammation specifically affecting arteries.