Which term refers to inflammation of the brain, often caused by a viral infection?

The term that refers to inflammation of the brain, often resulting from a viral infection, is encephalitis. This condition involves the swelling of brain tissues and can lead to a variety of neurological symptoms, including fever, confusion, seizures, and other cognitive impairments.

Encephalitis typically occurs due to infections from viruses such as herpes simplex virus, West Nile virus, or others that can invade the central nervous system. Understanding this condition is crucial for identifying the specific pathologies associated with viral infections in the realm of pathology.

Meningitis, while also an inflammatory condition, specifically affects the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, rather than the brain tissue itself. Myelitis refers to inflammation of the spinal cord, and cyanosis describes a bluish discoloration of the skin due to low blood oxygen levels, neither of which relates directly to inflammation of the brain.